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The Average Nobleperson's Guide to Early Music
Recordings
Part II
Mother Mary's Music from the Montserrat
Monastery,
or,
The Scarlet Llibre
by Lord Samuel Piper
A view of
the monastery |
The Benedictine monastery of Montserrat was founded in 1027
in the mountains of Catalonia, Spain, about 30 miles from Barcelona
("Montserrat" alludes to the jagged look of the surrounding mountains). By
the end of the Middle Ages, the monastery had become a center of great
importance for pilgrimages and devotion. Pilgrims came from all of Catalonia
to the monastery to visit the shrine of the Blessed Virgin Mary. |
| As well as an Escolania, or music school where boy
singers were trained, the monastery housed an important and impressive
library. Most of the library was destroyed in 1811 by the armies of
Napoleon, the Emperor of France, who attempted to take over the world and
banish all musical performance by more than one performer at a time (hence
the term Napoleon Solo). Fortunately, the library's manuscript #1,
finished in 1399 and containing 10 pieces of music, has survived. In the
nineteenth century, the manuscript was bound in red velvet, universal symbol
of piety and purity. Due to this binding, the manuscript has become known as
the Red Book or Llibre Vermell. |
Not actually Napoleon
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Not actually a Virgin
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As stated in the manuscript, pilgrims "sometimes desire
to sing and dance," especially during spring break. And since the monks did
not care to listen to lots of pious pilgrims singing and dancing to "Like a
Virgin" (wrong Madonna after all), they wrote these 10 songs of a more
respectable nature. They even provided for those pilgrims with happy feet -
three of the songs are "round" dances, which is a form of dance very popular
in the middle ages and is not at all related to the forms of the people
actually performing the dance. |
There are numerous modern recordings of the pieces from Llibre Vermell. I shall
discuss versions by Philip Pickett and the New London Consort (L'Oiseau Lyre CD
433-186, DDD, full price), Jordi Savall and Hesperion XX (Virgin Veritas CD 7243
5 61174 2 6, ADD, mid-price), and a recording that includes 6 of the pieces - by
Sonus entitled "Songs and Dances of the Middle Ages" (Dorian Discovery CD
DIS-80109, DDD, mid-price). Both the Pickett and Savall versions are devoted to
Llibre Vermell and contain no other music.
Like most medieval music, there are no written indications of how to perform the
Llibre Vermell ssongss (oops - I got carried away). Pickett and Savall perform
with solo singers, choirs and instruments of various kinds. The group Sonus
consists of 3 people, so their music does not have the big production feel of
the others; their performances are generally harp and voice with some flute and
percussion thrown in.
Pickett's recording has a wide variety of instruments, all of which are really
in period, believe it or not. These include hammered dulcimer and xylophone,
every alphabet book's favorite x word. Even so, many of the pieces are performed
only with voices. The piece "Stella Splendens" is performed with such primal
intensity that, instead of Christians, I think of Pagans jumping around, beating
drums and generally being in a religious fervor. This recording is very polished
and fairly mellow.
Savall's recording is generally more brisk and often more "Spanish." Instruments
play in every piece except for one. "Los Sept Goyts" has a real middle-eastern
feel and is performed with great exotic flair. It is shorter, faster and more
varied, and that is good for people with short attention spans (and you know who
you are, assuming that you are still reading).
The Sonus album, without big choirs and lot of instruments, is an intimate
affair. So if you like intimate affairs, this is the one for you. Let me
rephrase that. The music is performed with more poignancy and immediacy, since
there are only 3 performers here, but without the grandeur that works so well
for some of the songs. And no Pagans either. Although you get only six of the
ten Llibre Vermell songs (probably the six you would like best anyway), you also
get a song from Carmina Burana (reviewed soon), pieces from Alfonso X's Cantigas
de Santa Maria (reviewed in
Part I ), a couple of
Medieval dances (to be reviewed in Part III) and a few other assorted pieces
(don't hold your breath). It is a good sampler of Medieval music.
If I must recommend a single recording of these pilgrim songs written for use at
the shrine of the Blessed Mary, I would have to pick the Jordi Savall recording.
After all, it is issued by Virgin records.
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